Bài tập Thể bị động (the passive voice)

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
(THE PASSIVE VOICE)
* Thể Chủ động (active voice).
- Mr. Brown wrote the report yesterday.
- He has already finished his homework.
* Thể bị động (passive voice).
- The report was written by Mr.Brown yesterday.
- His homework has already been finished ( by him).
à Passive voice : S + be + V3/ed
I/ Hãy quan sát ví dụ sau :
* Active :	Tom	 broke 	the chair 	 yesterday.
	S	V	O
* Passive :	The chair 	was broken	by	Tom	yesterday.
	S	 be + V3/ed	 by	O
 S + V + O
 S + Be + V3/ed + by O
 II/ What is the way to change active into passive voice?
1. Lấy tân ngữ (O) trong câu chủ động lên làm chủ ngữ (S) trong câu bị động.
2.Chủ ngữ (S) trong câu chủ động chuyển xuống làm tân ngữ (O) trong câu bị động.
3. Động từ Be được chia theo thì của động từ chính (V) trong câu chủ động,động từ BE phải hợp với chủ ngữ (S) của câu bị động và động từ chính thì chuyển về quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed)à(ĐTTQT +ED,BQT ở cột 3).
III/ Form. CHỦ ĐỘNG BỊ ĐỘNG
+ (a) simple present : S +Vo/Vs/Ves + O 	[S + am / is / are + V3/ed ]
 - Mr.Green teaches history. 	à History is taught by Mr.Green. 
+ (b) present perfect : S + have/has + V3/ed [ S + has / have + been + V3/ed ]
 - He has just done his homework.	à His homework has just been done by him. 
+ (c) present continuous : S + am/is/are + V-ing [ S + am / is / are / + being + V3/ed]
 - She is cleaning the windows. 	à The windows are being cleaned by her. 
+ (d) simple past : S + V2/ed + O [ S + was / were + V3/ed]
 - The boss sacked ten workers. 	à Ten workers were sacked by the boss. 
+ (e) past perfect : S + had + V3/ed + O [ S + had been + V3/ed]
 - Mary had written the letter. 	 à The letter had been written by Mary. 
+ (f) Past continuous : S + was/were + V-ing + O [ S + was / were + being + V3/ed]
 - The police were questioning Tom. 	 à Tom was being questioned by the police. 
+ (g) simple future: S + will/shall + Vo + O [ S + will / shall + be + V3/ed]
 - John will deliver the letter. 	 à The letter will be delivered by John. 
+ (h) Modal verbs :S + must/can/may + Vo [ S + must / can / may + be + V3/ed]
 - He must do it right now. 	 à It must be done by him right now. 
+ (i) special structures : S +Be going to + Vo [ S + is / are going to + be + V3/ed]
 - The engineers are going to build the bridge. à The bridge is going to be built by the engineers.
( Còn có thể áp dụng với các cấu trúc khác như : have to, had to, used to, ought to )
+ (j) 2 objects ( hai tân ngữ )
 - They gave me a present yesterday.
à I was given a present yesterday(by them).
à A present was given to me yesterday(by them).
	(Nếu sau BY là: them / people / someone / somebody ta có thể bỏ đi)
+ (k) perception verb with bare infinitive : [ S + be – V3/ed + to inf ] ( sự nhận thức)
 - I never hear him shout at his children. à He is never heard to shout at his children.
+ (l) perception verb with present partciple : [ S + be – V3/ed + V-ing ]
 - I saw the boy coming into the room. à The boy was seen coming into the room.
+ (m) With ‘make’ : [ S + be – made + to inf ]
 - They made me do it. à I was made to do it.
+ (n) With ‘let’ : [ S + be – let + bare inf ]
 - They let him do it. à He was let do it.
+ (o) With ‘begin or start’: [ S + begin / start + to be + p.p ]
 - They began to build the house in 1980. à The house began to be built in 1980.
+ (p) With “say, report, rumour (đồn, tầm phào) ’:
- People say that prevention is better than cure.
à It is said that prevention is better than cure.
à Prevention is said to be better than cure. ( cấu trúc này thường được dùng cho những động từ như: SAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOUR )
+ (q) Câu mệnh lệnh : [ Let + O + be – p.p ]
- Open the door, please. à Let the door be opened, please.
V.PRACTICE.
1. Give the correct form of the verbs “active or passive”.
1.English____________________ (speak) all over the world . 
2. The students ___________________ (do) the exercises when I came .
3. I _______________________________(not / allow) to go out last night .
4. All main courses _________________________(serve) with vegetables and salad . 
5. HCM city __________________________(call) “the Pearl of the Far East” . (ngọc trai)
6. Clothes and food ______________________________(just / carry) to the flooded area.
7. Who _______________________________(invent) the generator ? ( máy phát điện)
8. More money ____________________(spend) on food now than it _____________(spend) years ago.
2. Underline the correct form active or passive of the verbs in brackets .
1. Some new equipment (has ordered - has been ordered ) by the company.
 2. Somebody (calls - is called ) the President everyday .
 3. These artificial flowers (make - are made) of silk . (nhân tạo )
4. Nothing (has done- has been done) .
5. A lot of money (spends - is spent) on advertising .
6. This room (uses - is used) only on special occasions .
7. The old theatre (is being pulled - pulls ) down .
8. My bicycle (stole - was stolen) yesterday 
3. Change the following sentences into passive voice
1. They sell a special kind of tea here .
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. They have searched all the cars and trucks .
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. The English government put him in prison last year .
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Her parents will meet us at the station tomorrow .
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Mr Brown is holding a meeting in the hall .
IV.PRACTICE - KEYS.
1. Give the correct form of the verbs “active or passive”.
1.English________ is spoken _______ (speak) all over the world . 
2. The students ____ were doing__ (do) the exercises when I came .
3. I ______ wasn’t allowed _____(not / allow) to go out last night .
4. All main courses ____ are served __(serve) with vegetables and salad . 
5. HCM city ______ is called _____(call) “the Pearl of the Far East” . (ngọc trai)
6. Clothes and food ___ have just been carried____(just / carry) to the flooded area.
7. Who ____ invented_______(invent) the generator ? ( máy phát điện)
8. More money ___ is being spent_(spend) on food now than it was spent (spend) years ago . 
2. Underline the correct form active or passive of the verbs in brackets .
1. Some new equipment (has ordered - has been ordered ) by the company.
 2. Somebody (calls - is called ) the President everyday .
 3. These artificial flowers (make - are made) of silk . (nhân tạo )
4. Nothing (has done- has been done) .
5. A lot of money (spends - is spent) on advertising .
6. This room (uses - is used) only on special occasions .
7. The old theatre (is being pulled - pulls ) down .
8. My bicycle (stole - was stolen) yesterday 
3. Change the following sentences into passive voice
1. They sell a special kind of tea here . 
à A special kind of tea is sold here 
2. They have searched all the cars and trucks . 
à All the cars and trucks have been searched .
3. The English government put him in prison last year .
 à He was put in prison by the English government last year .
4. Her parents will meet us at the station tomorrow . 
à We will be met at the station by her parents tomorrow .
5. Mr Brown is holding a meeting in the hall . 
à A meeting is being held in the hall by Mr Brown .
BÀI TẬP THÊM VỀ CÁC DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
 EXERCISE 1: 
1.My father waters this flower every morning.
2.John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
3.Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
4.We should clean our teeth twice a day.
5.Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
6.Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
7.Tom will visit his parents next month.
8.The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
9.Did Mary this beautiful dress?
10.I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.
11.The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.
12.The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
13.Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.
14.The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.
15.Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
16.Some people will interview the new president on TV.
17.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
18.Are you going to repair those shoes?
19.He has broken his nose in a football match.
20.Have you finished the above sentences?
 KEY
EXERCISE 1
1.This flower is watered (by my father) every morning.
2.Fiona was invented to John’s birthday party last month.
3.The dinner is being prepared (by her mother) in the kitchen.
4.Our teeth should be cleaned twice a day.
5.The English grammar has been explained (by our teacher).
6.The accident was caused in this city (by some drunk drivers).
7.Tom’s parents will be visited (by him) next month.
8.The secretary wasn’t phoned (by the manager) this morning.
9.Was this beautiful dress bought by Mary?
10.These old pictures won’t be hung in the living room(by me).
11.This factory wasn’t built (by the Greens) during the Second World War.
12.This house and these cars are going to be painted for Chrismas day by the Greens.
13.The cats had been fed (by Ann) before she went to the cinema.
14.The pollution problems have been discussed (by the students) since last week.
15.Has the most valuable painting in the national meseum been stlen (by the thieves).
16.The new president will be interviewed on TV (by tsome people).
17.How many languages are spoken in Canada(by them)?
18.Are those shoes going to be repaired ?
19.His nose has been broken in a football match(by him).
20.Have above sentences been finished ?
 THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CÁC MẪU CÂU CƠ BẢN
 EXERCISE 2:
1.The waiter brings me this dish.
2.Our friends send these postcards to us.
3.Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.
4.Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
5.You didn’t show me the special camaras.
6.She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
7.He lends his friend his new shoes.
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
9.The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
10.The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
11.Have you sent the christmas cards to your family?
12.The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
13.He hides the broken cup in the drawer.
14.They keep this room tidy all the time.
15.They all voted the party a great success.
16.We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.
17.They moved the fridge into the living room.
18.She bought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room.
19.They find the new project worthless.
20.The secretary didn’t take the note to the manager.
 KEY EXERCISE 2.
1.This dish is brought to me (by the waiter).
2.These postcards are sent to us(by our friend).
3.This story was told to them(by their grandmother) when they visited her last week.
4.This train ticket was ordered for Tim’s mother.
5.The special cameras weren’t showed to me.
6.Her ticket was showed to the airline agent(by her).
7.His new shoes are lent to his friends(by him).
8.Five million pounds was left to her relatives (by her).
9.These boxes were handed to the customer (by the shop assistant).
10.The first prize was awarded to the reporter (by the board).
11.Have the christmas cards been sent to your family?
12.Alice was appointed secretary for the meeting(by the committee).
13.The broken cup is hidden in the drawer (by him).
14.This room is kept tidy (by them) all the time.
15.The party was voted a great success(by them).
16.Ann was given some bananas and some flowers(by us).
17.The fridge was moved into the living room(by them).
18.Some cups of tea were brought to the visitors in the next room (by her).
19.The new project is found worthless.
20.The note wasn’t taken to the manager(by the secretary).
THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG ĐỐI VƠI ĐỘNG TỪ GIỚI THIỆU(TƯỜNG THUẬT)
 EXERCISE 3:
1.They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
2.She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
3.Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
4.That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
5.He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6.They promise that the performance will start on time.
7.He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
8.We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9.The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10.They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
11.They have decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend.
12.People think that Maradona is the best football player in the 20th century.
13.They find that the job is not suitable for a girl like her.
14.The teacher explained that this powerful engine pulled the train.
15.He told me that his football team had played well last season.
EXERCISE 3
1.I was told that you were the architect in this city.
2.It was reported that the flowers were killed by frost./ The flowers were reported to be killed by frost.
3.I am informed that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
4.It was announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
5.It was discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6.It is promised that the performance will start on time.
7.It is recommended that we should stay at the city center.
8.It was believed that Alice would pass the driving test./ Alice was believed to pass the driving test.
9.All the workers are notified that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10.I have been persuaded that they will go with me to the stadium.
11.It has been decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend.
12.It is thought that Maradona is the best football player in the 20th century./ Maradona is thought to be the best football player in the 20th century.
13.It is found that the job is not suitable for a girl like her./ The job is found to be not suitable for a girl like her.
14.It was explained that this powerful engine pulled the train.
15.I was told that his football team had played well last season.
THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG ĐỐI VƠI ĐỘNG TỪ GIỚI THIỆU(TƯỜNG THUẬT)
Exercise:1 (sgk 11-186)
1.It is said that many people are homeless after the floods
Many people are said .
2.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climping over the wall.
The prisoner ..
3.It is believed that drove though the town at 90km an hour.
He 
4.It is reported that tow people were seriously injured in the accident.
Tow people .
5.Ii is said that three men were arrested after the explosion.
Three men .
6.It is expected that the strick will begin tomorrow.
The stricke .
7.It is said that he speaks English very well.
He .. 
Exercise:2
1.People say that he is 108 years old.
He is said ..
2.People think that he is very clever.
He is thought 
3.People believe that the wanted man is living in New York.
The wanted man 
4.people know that hi is very rich.
He ..
5.Peole suppose that the film is very good
The film .
6.People think that many people were killed in the accident
Many people .
7.People think that about a million puppies are born each year.
About a million puppies .
8.People say that the factories are much worse.
The factories ..
9.People say that those dogs are dangerous
These dogs ..
Exercise:3)
1.It is said that Christopher Columbus discovered America.
 Christopher Columbus is said .
2.It is said that many people are homeless because of the flood
Many people .
3.It is known that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law.
The Prime Minister 
4.It is expected that the US President will lose the election.
The US President 
 5. It is believed that the thieves got in through the kitchen window .
The thieves 
6. It is found that she drove through the town at 50 miles an hour.
She ..
7. It is reported that two people were seriously injured in the accident.
 Tow people ..
8. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion
Three men .
9.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
The prisoner .
10.It is believed that the wanted mam is living in New York
The wanted man ..
11.It is reported that the building has been damaged badly by fire
It is said that the company is closing a lot of money.
The company .
14.It is expected that the company will lose a lot of meney this year.
The company .
15.It is expected that the strike will end soon.
The strike ..
EXERCISE:4
 BỊ ĐỘNG ĐỐI VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ SAI BẢO
 EXERCISE 4:
1.I had my nephew paint the gate last week.
2.She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
3.They have her tell the story again.
4.John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
5.Anne had had a friend type her composition.
6.Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
7.I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
8.He had a mechanic repair his car.
9.She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.
10.They had the police arrest the shoplifter.
11.Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?
12.I must have the dentist check my teeth.
13.She will have a veterinary surgeon examine her dog.
14.We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
15.The Greens had a carpet cleaner clean their carpet.
 KEY EXERCISE 4
1.I had the gate painted last week.
2.She will have her car washed tomorrow.
3.They have the story told again.
4.John gets his shirt cleaned.
5.Anne has had her composition typed.
6.Rick will have his hair cut.
7.I will get a new dress made.
8.He had his car repaired.
9.She often gets the heater maitained.
10.They had the shoplifter arrested.
11.Are you going to have your shoes repaired?
12.I must have my teeth checked.
13.She will have her dog examined.
14.We had this photograph taken when we were on holiday last summer.
15.The Greens had their carpet cleaned.